Nirvana is the central concept of the religion of Buddhism and some areas of Jainism, Brahmanism and Hinduism, while remaining indefinable.
Instructions
Step 1
In Sanskrit, "nirvana" is fading, fading, and neither the first nor the second meaning has negative connotations. Nirvana is the ultimate goal of any human existence, expressed in the cessation of suffering - dukkha, attachments - dosha, rebirth - samsara and exclusion from the influence of the "laws of karma". Nirvana is subdivided into upadhashesha - the extinction of human passions and apupadhashesha - the cessation of being itself (parinirvana).
Step 2
Nirvana is the result of the "noble eightfold path", which is the main content of the Buddha's teachings: - correct view; - correct thinking; - correct speech; - correct actions; - correct lifestyle; - correct attention; - correct meditation.
Step 3
Achieving nirvana is possible only after a complete rejection of thoughts, feelings and perceptions (nirodha) and the complete cessation of these processes. Classical Buddhism considers this to be possible only for a Buddhist monk or the Buddha himself.
Step 4
The further existence of the one who has attained nirvana cannot be defined in terms available to us, but it can be intuitively understood through negative descriptions - the one who has attained nirvana cannot be called: - existing; - non-existent; - simultaneously existing and non-existent; - non-non-existent.
Step 5
Hence, nirvana is defined as: - not born; - not produced; - not created; - not united, characterized only by the absence of attachments, aspirations and illusions. The incomparability of nirvana determines its indescribability.
Step 6
Later works of the Mahayana supporters interpret nirvana as: - non-existent, since it cannot be destroyed and is not subject to decay, has no apparent cause and has its own nature (nihsvabhava); non-existent presupposes the existence of existent and is not independent; - is not both, since it does not have mutually exclusive characteristics, i.e. is fundamentally indistinguishable from samsara and becomes, as such, the true nature of things.
