Psychoanalysis considers erroneous actions as a result of certain motives, intentions. A person, having hidden desires, is stipulated or described under their influence, regarding these actions as something accidental. But psychoanalysis rejects such accidents and proves that motives are the essential evidence needed to make a diagnosis.
We considered erroneous action as a self-evident manifestation of a certain intention, desire. Using the example of reservations and slip-ups, a person shows the hidden motives of actions. When the opposite of what needs to be said is said, the error proves the opposite wishes of the speaker. There are reservations expressing not complete denial, but partial. For example: not inclined or incapable. The person is not inclined / unable to evaluate anything. "Not inclined" - capable, but not motivated, and "not capable" - not being able to perform an action. The words seem to be similar in meaning, but upon parsing, we understand that they are almost opposite.
There are caveats that add additional meaning to the statement. For example: "I want a cake and that chocolate cake, and also coffee with cream and a crispy baguette, I buy everything! If my husband pays …" The woman added three words that carry a hidden meaning that the husband most likely controls the money in the family. For the psychoanalyst, this is the first and essential clue.
But what are these intentions that give rise to erroneous actions? Considered in detail, they can be divided into two groups: psychophysiological and conscious. Psychophysiological - these are motives associated with diseases of a mental and physiological nature, which in some way can affect thinking. Conscious - these are motives associated with desires, aspirations that are chaotically born in our consciousness, quickly light up and go out. Sometimes we don't want something, and words reflect that desire best. A parent, who could go home after a working day, sits at a school meeting and answers all the teacher's questions in such a way that in almost every sentence he says that "the child at home is completely different." And he uses the word "house" more often than necessary.
To identify the type of motive, it is enough to ask the patient again about the mistake. If he corrects himself and says what he meant, then the psychoanalyst will understand the ulterior motive. If he cannot explain the reason for the erroneous action, then the intention is of a psychophysiological nature.
The hypothesis that the psychoanalyst builds before or after the erroneous action will help to interpret erroneous actions. Some actions lead to an error, which confirms the hypothesis. When the patient commits an erroneous act, the psychoanalyst assumes what the motive is behind her; draws up questions that will help confirm the assumption. And in most cases, the doctor will find out the motive that guided the client's mind at that moment. The main thing is to notice the mistake and concentrate on it in time not only for the doctor, but also for the patient.
