Neurosis is a neuropsychiatric disorder that manifests itself in various psychoemotional, behavioral and somatic symptoms. It occurs quite often and refers to reversible diseases of the nervous system.
Neurosis makes it difficult to adapt to the conditions of the living environment and distorts the perception of events. Working capacity decreases, the desire to enjoy life disappears, but a critical attitude towards one's condition remains. As a rule, women are more susceptible to neuroses, they are more emotional and sensitive. The course of neuroses is long, it does not lead to the patient's disability, but often disrupts the full existence of the patient himself and his loved ones.
Types and symptoms of neuroses
There are three main types of neurosis - neurasthenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and hysterical neurosis.
Neurasthenia ranks first in prevalence, it is a neurosis of exhaustion or mental weakness. Characteristic manifestations are the combination of increased fatigue with irritability. Patients are prone to tearfulness, emotional instability, rapid mood swings, depression, hypochondria. Often disturbed by shortness of breath, pericardial pain, instability of blood pressure, sweating, dizziness, tinnitus, headaches, decreased libido. Feeling weak, anxious, anxious, impaired attention, memory and learning, tormented by a feeling of dissatisfaction with life. Sleep problems appear - difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakening, lack of vigor in the morning.
Obsessive compulsive disorder. Obsessive can be counting, thoughts, movements (tics, blinking, blinking), doubts, the desire to recheck everything several times. Manifestations intensify with emotional stress. Anxiety, inner tension, anxiety, expectation of uncertain and unmotivated troubles are added to obsessions. Sometimes hypochondriac syndrome appears, that is, inadequate attention to one's health, attributing diseases to oneself. Often, emotional disorders are manifested by a depressive syndrome, when a melancholy mood, impaired appetite, problems with sleep and potency come to the fore.
Hysterical neurosis. Vegetative manifestations of hysteria are manifested in the form of spasms, persistent nausea, vomiting, and fainting. Movement disorders are characteristic - tremors, tremors in the limbs, blepharospasm. Sensory disorders are expressed in sensitivity disorders in various parts of the body, pain, hysterical deafness and blindness may develop. Patients strive to draw the attention of relatives and doctors to their condition, they have extremely unstable emotions, their mood changes dramatically, they easily move from sobbing to wild laughter.
All neuroses are characterized by a whole complex of somatic manifestations of psychogenic genesis, as a result of which patients are often ineffectively treated by cardiologists, gastroenterologists, surgeons and other doctors. Very often neuroses are hidden behind diagnoses of neurocirculatory dystonia, vegetative vascular dystonia, migraine, vestibulopathy.
Causes of neuroses and their treatment
The main causes of neuroses are chronic mental overload, prolonged stress, inability to rest, alcohol abuse, depleting diseases.
Neuroses are successfully treated with timely diagnosis. The therapy includes drugs that improve blood circulation in the brain, vitamins. With depressive manifestations, the use of antidepressants with anti-anxiety action is effective. When the cause of neurosis is an obsession with disturbing thoughts, psychotherapy becomes an obligatory component of treatment. Patients are taught relaxation techniques so that the person himself can further regulate his condition in anxious situations. In some cases, the use of tranquilizers is justified to normalize sleep and reduce anxiety.
