The need is called the internal psychological state of a person, during which he feels a lack of something or expresses dependence on certain factors. The need is an internal causative agent of human activity and, depending on the situation, can manifest itself in different ways.
In modern science, several levels of needs are distinguished at once. This concept was first depicted as a model by the scientist Maslow. He presented to the public the pyramid, which consisted of various layers. Each layer represented a specific need, with the primary ones at the very bottom. The higher the level, the smaller the area of the layer. This is due to the fact that there are much fewer people with a higher level of need than with a primary one.
Primary needs
To be more precise, all people have primary needs. They are also called physiological or congenital. Regardless of where and when a person was born, he will still feel the desire to satisfy them. There are deviations too, but these are very rare exceptions that are comparable to the disease.
The primary ones include the need for sleep, for food and drink, for sex, for communication, for rest, for breathing, etc. Some of them are present from birth, some appear over time. Secondary needs appear only with age. They are also called psychological. This includes the need for respect, affection, success, etc.
Often the need can be at the intersection of primary and secondary. In particular, the need for communication. However, here you need to understand that without interacting with other people, without adopting experience, a person simply cannot survive.
He will not know how to get food, how to properly equip a home, and so on, that is, he will not be able to exist. However, in comparison with the absolute need for sleep or food, communication fades into the background, but it is still primarily necessary.
Levels of needs
A person who has nothing to eat is unlikely to think about what oil he rubs his hair with. The transition between levels is possible only if the demand of the lower layer has been fully satisfied. Thus, Maslow distinguishes the following levels (from bottom to top):
1. Physiological needs.
2. The need for security.
3. Social status (love, belonging to a certain group).
4. Recognition (power, the right to make decisions).
5. The need for self-expression.
However, in the last years of his life, the scientist argued that self-transcendence should be located at the top of the pyramid, that is, going beyond one's own self. If earlier a person only dreamed of realizing his own potential, now he seeks to go beyond the boundaries of his own capabilities.
