Psychoanalysis of Z. Freud in short and simple words. We analyze the structure of the personality and the nature of intrapersonal conflicts.
Surely, you found yourself in a situation where you were choosing between "want" and "must" or between "want" and "not allowed." Have you ever wondered what exactly gives rise to this conflict, what elements of the personality are in conflict and what contributes to the resolution of the conflict? Psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud answered this question long ago.
Man is a socio-biological being, and Freud's theory clearly explains this. Psychoanalysis is Z. Freud's theory of unconscious mechanisms that determine human behavior and affect his psychophysical state. According to the theory of psychoanalysis, the structure of the personality includes 3 components. Let's take a closer look at each of them.
It (Eid)
This is the lowest level, the animal part in man. It speaks in the language of instincts and desires. It is the unconscious part of a person. At this level, there are no concepts of good and evil. There are no moral assessments and moral attitudes here. All that is here is the most secret and animal desires, repressed emotions, thoughts, needs and repressed drives.
Super-I (Super-Ego)
This is the social part in a person. The highest level on which the inner critic and moralist is located is conscience. The superego always strives for the ideal, norms and higher, spiritual values. As you can imagine, the superego often comes into conflict with the level of instincts. That is, two parts are fighting in a person: the animal and the social.
I (Ego)
This is the middle level, which reflects a person's awareness. This is the level of reasonable actions and rational assessments. I am looking for points of contact between It and the Super-I, trying to try them on. I am that version of a person that he shows to society.
I think you have already understood that the conflict between "want" and "must" ("must", "must not") is a conflict between the Id and the superego. In fact, all of us are in this conflict almost every day and our Ego is trying to try on the other two sides. What does it mean to try on? This means finding a socially acceptable way to satisfy instincts and desires. It is impossible to allow the preponderance to one side or the other. It wins - the person will become dangerous for himself and for society. The super-ego wins - a person is tormented by a feeling of guilt and shame for his actions, thoughts, desires.
From time to time, some people still lean towards one side or the other. When does this happen? When there are not enough deliberate strategies of behavior, self-control and self-regulation. And also when the protective mechanisms of the psyche fail, because they help us to get out of the conflict "want" and "must" or "want" and "must not."
