The need to analyze people arises when determining professional suitability, the effectiveness of teaching or upbringing methods, and in a number of other cases. It is possible to collect generalized data to obtain the necessary information about the characteristics of people's mental activity using several methods.
Instructions
Step 1
With the help of the observation method, the psychologist fixes various manifestations of the mental activity of the people under study. He does not interfere with the course of events. For example, studying the characteristics of the class work of 6th grade students, the researcher is present at the lessons and observes the actions of the subjects. Writes down in detail their questions to the teacher, postures and facial expressions. Then he summarizes the collected material, analyzes and draws conclusions about the external manifestations of the psyche in specific conditions.
Step 2
Experimental method, laboratory or natural. The laboratory is carried out with the help of special equipment, or without it. The disadvantage of this method is the fact that the subject knows that an experiment is being put on him and may feel excessive nervous tension. A natural experiment is carried out in kindergartens, in the classroom or in the workshop, that is, in the conditions familiar to humans. The purpose of the experiments is to reveal the laws of the psyche in the process of teaching, upbringing or work.
Step 3
The features of the psyche can be studied in the process of answering specially formulated questions; for this, the method of conversation is used. The conversation plan should be carefully drawn up, the communication process itself is carried out in a relaxed atmosphere. All questions and answers are recorded on a medium, subsequently the data is analyzed and summarized.
Step 4
The method of analyzing the products of human activity is based on the indirect study of paintings, drawings, applications, etc. All objects that a person creates bear the imprint of their creator. They can be used to judge the development of skills, attitude to business.
Step 5
The questionnaire method is carried out using a survey. The questionnaire consists of 5 to 25 questions about interests, aspirations and opinions about events. The data obtained provide a generalized description of a group of people.
Step 6
To identify specific skills, a testing method is used, which is a series of special questions and tasks. Based on the results of the answers, it is possible to determine the level of knowledge and personal qualities of a person necessary for a particular profession.
