Man is not only a biological, but also a social being, therefore he needs to satisfy the need for food and in society. What is communication, what are its types and what does it bring to modern society?
What is communication
In general, if we consider the term "communication" itself, then it came to the Russian language from the word communico (lat.), Which means "joint" or "common". In connection with this definition, they began to say that communication is communication.
In other words, communication is situations in which two or more people talk to each other about topics they are familiar with. At the same time, during communication, people can argue, give each other advice, express their own opinion or express their thoughts in a different way. The interlocutor in the process of communication will accept the incoming information and provide his reaction in response.
Classification and structure
Communication is a rather complex concept that has its own structure. All communication can be divided into two main groups - this is communication between several people (aka interpersonal) and communication between companies (aka organizational). Interpersonal communication is divided, in turn, into informal and formal.
From all these names of groups and subgroups, it becomes clear that there are types of communication carried out according to certain rules, with the necessary intonation, as well as with the formality inherent in certain events.
And there is also informal communication, in which people communicate with friends, family or simply with acquaintances, without observing any regulations or rules. In informal communication (communication) with other people, a person behaves at ease and naturally.
Organizational communication is divided into external, which occurs between any organizations and the environment, and internal, in which communication is built between departments in a particular company.
But here, too, there is a division in communication - horizontal and vertical. With horizontal communication, communication occurs between departments that are at the same level, and with vertical communication, between subordinates and bosses.
From all this, we can conclude that communication is a definition that exists in any area of human life and requires a certain understanding and approach.
Key concepts from the field of communication
The main definitions related to the field of communication include the following:
- The culture of speech is the correct and correct use of the basic linguistic elements of communication in all respects. Anyone who knows the rules of the Russian language and Russian speech knows how to use words correctly and how to behave depending on the situation.
- Speech communication is the purposeful or random use of speech structures to voice one's own opinion, as well as to support the topic of conversation.
- Speech behavior - the use of certain verbal expressions, depending on a specific situation (at school, in the family, among friends, etc.).
- A speech event consisting of two elements is a certain life situation or environment within which the dialogue takes place, as well as the language itself, through which the conversation is carried out.
- Speech activity is a purposeful, separate impact on one or more citizens through language.
From all this, we can conclude that communication is a definition consisting of a large number of language structures participating in the exchange of information data.
Verbal and non-verbal communication
Communication (communication) is a complex and diverse process of establishing and subsequent development of contacts between several people. Communication is generated by the need for activity and the exchange of information data.
In total, there are two main types of communication:
- Verbal. Verbal communication refers to communication in which people exchange information using sentences and words. Such communication takes place in written or oral form, and the output is words and sounds.
- Non-verbal. Non-verbal communication between people is the expression of emotions and non-verbal actions - facial expressions, gestures, as well as intonation, body position and other data.
An important point: the types and concepts of non-verbal communication means are an interesting topic for research, because it is non-verbal communication that allows you to significantly feel the interlocutor and get his location.
How partners influence each other during communication
When communicating between interlocutors, there is a subconscious dominance of one of the interlocutors. The dominant person is able to convince of something or, conversely, to dissuade the other. He can also give advice or condemn for wrongdoing. Based on all this, 4 scientific ways of influencing one person on another can be distinguished:
- Infection. These are situations in which a person is involuntarily, unconsciously exposed to a certain mental state. That is, these are cases in which a partner directly infects another person with certain ideas that fill everything else.
- Suggestion. Suggestion is understood as a purposeful and unsubstantiated influence of one person on another. Very often you can find a similar method of communication in stores - some sellers are able to literally stick in and force to buy certain goods.
- Belief. This method is based primarily on the use of arguments and arguments to achieve a positive or negative action about the person receiving the information. That is, one person tells another person valid information in order for the interlocutor to draw the necessary conclusions and take certain actions.
- Imitation. Compared with contagion and suggestion, imitation differs from both of these actions not by simply accepting the traits of the interlocutor, but by reproducing behavior. That is, a person tries to behave and speak in the same way as his interlocutor. Practical benefit - convincing and liberating the interlocutor during communication.
Knowing all these techniques, a person can, during communication, if not manipulate the interlocutor, then at least find a common language with him, regardless of the subject matter.
An important point: regardless of the method of communication, its main goal is to convey the necessary and important information data in such a way that the other person (interlocutor) realizes what exactly is being discussed in the dialogue. However, the use of certain speech patterns and elements of non-verbal communication will not give any guarantees that the person has accepted and understood the information.
Basic elements of communication
In total, there are 4 important links in communication processes:
- recipient - the one who listens to and perceives the information received;
- communication flow - means, methods and ways of transmitting information;
- message - information delivered to the interlocutor;
- sender - a person who sends and communicates the necessary information to another person (recipient).
It follows from this that the definition of communication and communicative processes speaks of their complementarity.
How communication and communication differ from each other
Communication and communication related to social processes of information exchange, there are still some differences between them:
- 1. In the process of communication, in contrast to communication, an important point is not only the receipt of data and their analysis, but also such moments as the general emotional background and the content of the transmitted information.
- 2. The main, main function of communication is to establish maximum contact between interlocutors, and the main function of communication is to establish and select means of communication, that is, the choice (depending on the situation) of non-verbal and verbal means of expressing their own opinions of each of the interlocutor.
- 3. Communication - a general definition, which also includes "communication".
Communication is a multifaceted definition that requires more careful study and consideration to convey the necessary information. A person, knowing all the features and subtleties of communication processes, will be able to receive all the information that he needs about the interlocutors
Using speech turns and non-verbal communication methods, you can be able to create an excellent environment for further communication processes. However, it is important to know the rules of communication and to observe censorship depending on the situation. Knowing and following simple rules will be an excellent guarantee of good communication.
