There are many theories of attention that are invented by various specialists, both in the field of psychology and in the field of other socionomic sciences. Knowledge of these theories helps a person to better understand the mechanisms of attention and control.
There are many theories of attention. For example, proponents of the motor theory of attention argue that movement is the basis of our mental activity. Most people believe that muscle contractions are a consequence of the functioning of a person's attention. But supporters of the reflex theory say exactly the opposite things.
According to the French psychologist T. Ribot and the Russian psychologist M. M. Lange, movement supports the act of attention at the physiological level. Also, thanks to the movements, the senses are tuned to the concentration of consciousness or to the process opposite to it.
According to Uznadze's theory of attention, the basis of its functioning as a necessary condition for a person's mental activity is an attitude. According to this psychologist, attention is a special state of attunement of the psyche to a certain object or human activity, which is generated by the influence of previous experience on further human actions. That is, attention is directly dependent on previous experience. For example, a man was bitten by a dog as a child. If earlier he did not even notice this four-legged friend of a man, now, as soon as she appears on the horizon, he instantly concentrates and follows every movement of the ear of this beast. Exactly the same examples can be cited with other automatic human reactions.
According to the reflex theory of attention, which was proposed by Pavlov, Sechenov and Ukhtomsky, the reasons for the development of attention are associated with orienting reflexes and reactions, the purpose of which is to adapt the human psyche to what he feels and perceives. According to Pavlov, these orienting responses create an optimal arousal or dominant environment. According to the reflex theory, many temporary neural connections appear in the brain when it becomes necessary to concentrate. When they occur, adjacent parts of the brain are blocked, and side impulses become controlled by this copulation of nerve connections, that is, the dominant. Other actions that a person wants to take are purely automated.
There are many more theories of attention that are invented by various specialists, both in the field of psychology and in the field of other socionomic sciences. Knowledge of these theories helps a person to better understand the mechanisms of attention and control.
